Water Requirement

Juan G. R. y V. P. Álvarez. Irrigation requirements of tobacco in Cuba and it relation with producer countries.

Hydraulic Engineering Vol. 9(2):37-39. Havana , Cuba 1998/. / Juan G. R. Irrigation requirements of tobacco in producer countries. "Tobacco irrigation" Page: 102-110, Madrid 2002.

We performed a comparative study of the water requirements of tobacco in the major producing countries. Climatic conditions in the temperate countries makes that the tobacco in these regions is grown in the summer, so the water needs are high of 249 to 385 mm however due to rainfall regime, apply generally two to four irrigation for varieties with less demanding irrigation, as in the eastern tobacco and four to seven irrigation for varieties with most demanding as in type Virginia and Burley, with total water requirement from 700 to 1440 m3/ha for Eastern tobacco and 1140 to 2840 m3 for the tobacco of broad leaf. The maximum daily evapotranspiration for the temperate climatic conditions is 4.5 to 6.3 mm during the period before the harvest, which is when the tobacco has its greatest demand. The maximum evapotranspiration for the Caribbean is from 2.8 to 3.2 mm / day at the fifty days after transplantation and 3.5 to 4.4 mm / day for Central America . Zones with dry summers, have different characteristics, with values greater than 5 mm / day and with total water requirements from 3000 to 3500 m3/ha, as is the case in Spain in the Mediterranean area.

 

   Table 3.2. Irrigation requirements of tobacco in producer countries.

Countries Climatic Zones Tabacco Types Evapotranspiration
Total mm Maximun mm/day
North America
-USA

Temperate

Virginia

323-369

5,6-6,3
Central America
-Cuba



-Nicaragua

Tropical



Tropical

Dark SC
Dark LC
Virginia
Burley
Virginia

212-238
271-324
221
228
287-322

3,1-3,2
3,0-3,2
2,8
2,9
3,5-4,4
Surth America
-Brazil

Tropical

Virginia

313-375

5,1-5,6
Europe
-Spain
-France
-Bulgaria

Subtropical
Temperate
Temperate

Virginia
Dark
Oriental
Virginia
Burley

- -
249-283
254-265
352-380
348-385

5,8-6,5
4,9
4,5-5,6
5,5-6,1
5,7-6,2
Asia
-India

Tropical Alt.

Virginia

282-328

3,8-4,7
Africa
-Zimbabwe
-Mozambique

Tropical
Tropical

Virginia
Virginia

295-341
310-345

4,2-5,7
4,4-5,6

  Table 3.2. Irrigation requirements of tobacco in producer countries. (Continuation )

Countries Climatic Zones Tobacco Types Total Normes m3/ha Partial Normes m3/ha Irrigations
North America
-USA

Temperate

Virginia

1140-1710

200-300

4-6
América Central
-Cuba



-Nicaragua

Tropical



Tropical

Dark SC
Dark LC
Virginia
Burley
Virginia

1524-1654
1630-1726
1475
1582
1750-2250

133-360
188-352
140-261
142-296
180-270

7
6-7
8
7
7-9
Surth America
-Brazil

Tropical

Virginia

660-1130

250-375

2-4
Europe
-Spain
-France
-Bulgaria

Subtropical
Temperate
Temperate

Virginia
Dark
Oriental
Virginia
Burley

3000-3500
800-1260
700-1440
1160-2100
1780-2840

200-300
200-350
300-410
250-300
250-360

12-14
3-5
2-4
4-7
6-9
Asia
-India

Tropical Alt.

Virginia

500-1000

250-360

2-3
África
-Zimbabwe
-Mozambique

Tropical
Tropical

Virginia
Virginia

550-1360
550-1650

200-300
200-300

2-5
2-

 

 

 

 

 

 

Related Articles:

 

 

 

 

Tobacco Irrigation 2007 Spain | Author: Rafael Juan García | Use Terms| Contact us