The genetic resources are now in a very important place in the international plane. The gene banks offer the main means to store genetic plant materials and they are used to protect genetic materials. The results carried out in the genetic resources of tobacco in Cuba are presented. For the investigation 40 descriptors were used: habit of the plant, forms of the inflorescence, of the flower and the corolla, colour of the flower, relations stamen stigma, axillary buds, forms of the leaf, colour of the leaf, width of the veins, forms of the base of the limbo and of the apex, longitude and width of the leaf, angle leaf shaft, height of the plant, diameter of the plant, longitude and width of the inflorescence, number of botanical and useful leaves, distances internodes, longitude and width of the leaf, days to flourish and it stops maturation, weight of the sheet, longitude and width of the apex, dry weight of the leaves, veins percentage and cloth, diameter of the shaft, longitude and width of the capsule, number of capsules and resistance to the diseases, Phytophthora nicotianae Breda of Haan, Peronospora tabacina Adam and to the Virus of the Mosaic of the Tobacco. An analysis of the development of the germ plasma bank is made with relations to the introduction and collection, study, maintenance, conservation and use. The Tobacco Research Institute in the Experimental Station of Cabaiguan, Sancti Spiritus, stores the germoplasma, puts it to disposition of the interested ones and conserves during the life of this. The acquisition, the study and the description of the local and strange varieties have allowed having a germ plasma bank what has contributed to avoid the genetic erosion, to the maintenance of the biodiversity of this vegetable species and the increase of the productivity and of the resistance to different factors in the new varieties. More than 750 accessories of different varieties of plants of Nicotiana tabacum they are deposited in this collection and available for their distribution.