The specie Nicotiana tabacum L. is very known in the world and it conservation is object of many countries; it is a plant that difficultly is able to stay in wild state without the man's care for that the conservation former situ plays an important paper in the survival of the same one. The not care and the minimum protection conditions in it have caused through the years considerable losses. The scientists and genetics have worked for the development and improvement of properties in the tobacco, besides getting high genetic variability in local and strange varieties. These collections maintained in the germ plasma banks contain hundred of plants, many of them with genetic information of vital importance, in particular the resistant ones to the plagues. The article is based on aspects contemplated in the conservation of the genetic resources of the tobacco in Cuba and tries the same with wide perspectives: first, the careful conservation of the whole germoplasma and second the use of seeds of characterized varieties that they present an extraordinary wealth, not for the number of their materials but for the characteristics peculiar of each one of them. Germ plasma quality is achieved with the maintenance that is carried out in the Cuban national collection of Nicotianas; the seeds are maintained, studied and preserved in the Tobacco Experimental Station of Cabaiguan.

The requirements on the maintenance should be a priority to get good quality seeds, to protect it is more appropriate, because if not, we run the danger of destruction if left it to free reproduction. For the above mentioned is important to emphasize the need to take care of all this variability and to recover all materials that remain without proper shelter, genotypes that must contain a host of valuable genes. Nobody will discuss if it is necessary to maintain all these collections of tobacco and the time will demonstrate that all have been useful for the own humanity, including the ecological environment.